linux-2.6.36内核

start       arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S

              arch/arm/kernel/head.S

start_kernel()    init/main.c

linux通用内核启动代码在init/main.c中：

汇编执行完后跳转到start_kernel()开始C 执行。

...

setup_arch(&command_line);      //把.config中配置的CONFIG_CMDLINE赋予command_line输出

...

setup_command_line(command_line);     //boot_command_line =>save_command_line;

                                                                 //command_line =>static_command_line;

...

printk(KERN_NOTICE ''kernel command line:%s\n", boot_command_line);

...

console_init(）；

...

rest_init();    //创建两线程kernel_init /kthreadd

    |----------->kernel_thread(kernel_init, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_SIGHAND);

    |----------->kernel_thread(kthreadd, NULL, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES);            //kernel/kthread.c

                    pid_t kernel_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void *args, unsigned long  flags);  //arch/arm/kernel/process.c

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kernel_init()                    //init/main.c

    |---------->do_basic_setup()   //解压了相关文件系统

                   sys_open("/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0) <0

                         printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning: unable to open an initial console.\n");

                   if(! ramdisk_execute_command)

                         ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";             //initramfs 默认启动进程衔接

                   if(sys_access(ramdisk_execute_command, 0) != 0){

                         ramdisk_execute_command = NULL;

                         prepare_namespace();  //处理除ramdisk和initramfs外的其他文件系统。

                    }

    |---------->init_post();

// ramdisk_execute_command <= "rdinit="

// execute_command <= "init="   //bootargs传递

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kernel_init()-->do_basic_setup()

mm/CPU已运行，没有设备被创建。

786 /*

787  * Ok, the machine is now initialized. None of the devices

788  * have been touched yet, but the CPU subsystem is up and

789  * running, and memory and process management works.

790  *

791  * Now we can finally start doing some real work..

792  */

793 static void __init do_basic_setup(void)

794 {

795     cpuset_init_smp();

796     usermodehelper_init();

797     init_tmpfs();

798     driver_init();

799     init_irq_proc();

800     do_ctors();

801     do_initcalls();

802 }

773 extern initcall_t __initcall_start[], __initcall_end[], __early_initcall_end    [];

774

775 static void __init do_initcalls(void)

776 {

777     initcall_t *fn;

778

779     for (fn = __early_initcall_end; fn < __initcall_end; fn++)

780         do_one_initcall(*fn);

781

782     /* Make sure there is no pending stuff from the initcall sequence */

783     flush_scheduled_work();

784 }

kernel_init()  -> do_basic_setup() -> do_initcalls() ->rootfs_initcall(populate_rootfs) -> populate_rootfs()

ramdisk或initramfs的处理都是通过populate_rootfs()实现，位于init/initramfs.c中。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

init_post()      // init/main.c

           if (ramdisk_execute_command) {

835         run_init_process(ramdisk_execute_command);

836         printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s\n",

837                 ramdisk_execute_command);

838     }

839

840     /*

841      * We try each of these until one succeeds.

842      *

843      * The Bourne shell can be used instead of init if we are

844      * trying to recover a really broken machine.

845      */

846     if (execute_command) {

847         run_init_process(execute_command);

848         printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to execute %s.  Attempting "

849                     "defaults...\n", execute_command);

850     }

851     run_init_process("/sbin/init");

852     run_init_process("/etc/init");

853     run_init_process("/bin/init");

854     run_init_process("/bin/sh");

855

856     panic("No init found.  Try passing init= option to kernel. "

857           "See Linux Documentation/init.txt for guidance.");

linux系统启动完成后，任务都交给init进程完成。

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ramdisk和initramfs都是通过populate_rootfs()实现；

jffs,yaffs等通过prepare_namespace()实现，在do_mounts.c中。